IBRO is an independent, international organization dedicated to the promotion of neuroscience and of communication between brain researchers in all countries of the world.Soon after its foundation in 1960, IBRO established close links with the International Council of Scientific Unions (ICSU) which is part of UNESCO. IBRO was given Associate Status in ICSU in 1976. In 1993 IBRO was admitted by ICSU as member of the category of Scientific Unions.

Over the years, and with UNESCO support, IBRO has set up a number of active programmes to stimulate international contacts in brain research. Symposia and Workshops are sponsored on the basis of competitive applications. Under the Publication Programme IBRO publishes the journal "Neuroscience" and "IBRO NEWS". IBRO offers post-doctoral fellowships and travel grants to students from less favoured countries. Since 1999 IBRO has sponsored "Neuroscience Schools" aimed at forming interactive networks among students and teachers during training courses in Africa, Asia, Europe, Central and Eastern Europe and Latin America.

In its new role as a World Federation IBRO is at present representing the interests of about 51,000 neuroscientists in 111 countries.