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Botswana joined UNESCO on January 16, 1980. The country is covered by the UNESCO Office Harare.

Since 2001, the country has had a UNESCO Chair in Open and Distance Learning and a UNEVOC centre for technical and professional training.

The Organization assists the country in the fight against HIV-AIDS. An agreement for a project to develop the management of HIV-AIDS projects in secondary schools in Botswana was signed in 2005.