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Home   About DigiArts   Media arts   Music using technology   Regional networking   Training   UNESCO Digital Arts Award   Young Digital Creators		Venezuela  The Estudio de Fonología Musical of Instituto Nacional de Cultura y Bellas Artes (INCIBA) organized during 1966-1967 by José Vicente Asuar (born in Chile; see his references on that section) is considered the starting point of electroacoustic music in Venezuela. Composer Alfredo del Monaco (born in Caracas, 1938) started to work actively there since its beggining. According to del Mónaco, the studio had the “classic” equipment at that time, with “… generators, fliters, ring modulator, echo, Moog envelope generator, three Ampex tape recorders plus one four tracks, wide tape, Ampex too”. Working in that studio Alfredo del Mónaco composed in 1966-1967 "Cromofonías I", the first electroacoustic music piece produced on that country. And later, "Estudio electrónico I", also for tape, in 1967-1968. Composer and researcher Isabel Aretz (born in Argentina; see her references on that section) composed “Birimbao” for timpanis and tape in 1968, being the first mixed work realized in Venezuela. Miguel Angel Fuster and Fedora Alemán were also experimenting during those days at the Estudio de Fonología Musical. Two events were close related to the creation and development of the Estudio, first the “III Festival Bienal de Música de Caracas”, and then “Imagen de Caracas”, a big multimedia show held in Caracas during 1968 to celebrate the 400 years anniversary from the foundation of the city. “Imagen de Caracas”, conceived by Inocente Palacios, was a complex scenic installation including actors, 8 screens for films, 3 screens for slides, 46 loudspeakers on the ceiling plus 4 sound towers broadcasting electronic music (composed by Asuar), songs and the narrator’s voice. Asuar left in 1968, and most of the equipments of the original studio disappeared. When the Estudio de Fonología Musical declined, between 1969 and 1971 the Instituto Interamericano de Música Experimental y Estudios Estéticos, also known as INTERMUSICA, was apparently developing a few sporadic activities related to electroacoustic music. A new studio was founded during the early 70s, the official name was again the same of the old frustrated project of the 60s: Estudio de Fonología Musical, but is mostly known as Instituto de Fonología. Antonio Estévez was in charge of its development. During the first years there were limited activities at the Estudio. Antonio Estévez composed then pieces like “Cromovibrafonía Múltiple”, “Cromofonía”, “Espectrofonía”, “Pranofonía” and “Cosmovibrafonía”, this last piece including three tape recorders, piano, vibraphone, tam-tam and gong. After several problems during that period, two professors coming back from his studies abroad were incorporated to the institute: Raúl Delgado Estévez and Servio Tulio Marin. Together with Antonio Estévez they were teaching courses in composition and electroacoustic music at the Institute. Raúl Delgado Estévez composed then: “Primeletropus” for piano, flute and synthesizer in 1975; and “Derrota” for narrator and tape, based on a text by Rafael Cárdenas, in 1976. Marín composed the electronic music for the film “Shhh” by Luis Villamizar in 1978. The equipments at the Estudio included a big modular ARP synthesizer; a 2600 ARP synthesizer; a portable Nagra tape recorder; 2, 4 and 8 channels tape recorders; an spectrum analyzer, Dolby noise reduction system modules; echo chambers; equalizers; mixers and good quality microphones, among other resources. The Institute followed with multiple problems and during the early 80s entered into a new phase. Composer Aurelio de la Vega (born in Cuba, see his references on that section) is commissioned to assist in the process of buying new equipments for the studio. Composer Eduardo Kusnir (born in Argentina, see his references on that section) began to teach electroacoustic music at Juan Jose Landaeta National Conservatory of Music in 1980, and since 1982 he also started to work at the Estudio de Fonología Musical which he helped to reorganize. Soon composer Ricardo Teruel became part of the staff of the Estudio too. Around the mid 80s Kusnir left the Instituto de Fonología and Teruel became its director. But the studio declined with time. But Kusnir kept working at the Landaeta Conservatory, teaching electroacoustic music, at first using his own equipments. Later a Synclavier II digital synthesizer was bought for the studio there. Around the mid 80s Kusnir founded the Electroacoustic Music Society of Venezuela (SVME - Sociedad Venezolana de Música Electroacústica). Read more...  Arcángel Castillo Olivari  Alfredo del Monaco Born in Caracas, 1938, one of the big names on the contemporary music scene of Venezuela.   Fernando Freitez Born in Barquisimeto, 1958, composer, guitar and cuatro venezolano performer, and electronic engineer, studied electroacoustic music with Ricardo Teruel during the 80s.   Fernando Freitez Gassán  Adina Izarra Born in 1959, composer and educator, studied at the National Conservatory of Music Juan José Landaeta in Caracas, and later at York University, England, where she obtained her PhD in Composition.   Gustavo Matamoros Born in Caracas, Venezuela in 1957. Composed extensively using electroacoustic medias. His creations includes mixed pieces, compositions for tape, performances, installations, radiophonic works and multimedia spectacles.   Alfredo Rugeles Born in 1949, composer and conductor, studied music at Escuela Juan Manuel Olivares in Caracas and later at Robert Schumann Institute in Düsseldorf, Germany.   Jacky Schreiber  Rodrigo Segnini-Sequera Born in Caracas, 1968; studied electronic music, piano and musicology in Venezuela; then he focused on audio digital signal processing (spectral and physical models) at CCRMA, Stanford University, in the United States; and later he moved to Japan to work at DeOS-Electronic Music Studio at Tokyo National University of Fine Arts and Music.   Carlos Suarez  Ricardo Teruel Born in Caracas, 1956, composer, piano and keyboards, English concertina and homemade instruments performer and electronic engineer.	Culture All Unesco Advanced Search Resources  Topic Home Page
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